Ulnar Nerve
Compression (Cubital tunnel syndrome):
What Are Its
Causes And Home Remedies?
Ulnar nerve compression is a disorder in which the
ulnar nerve gets compressed in the elbow grove while passing towards forearm
and fingers. It leads to weakness and numbness in forearm and fingers. It also
produces pain and burning sensation in the inner aspect of elbow.
The most common
cause of ulnar nerve entrapment is overuse of elbow joint during sports
activity or occupational work, direct injury to ulnar nerve or elbow fracture.
Ulnar nerve damage can occur at any
age. Usually single hand is affected. With proper treatment and physiotherapy,
most patients completely recover.
Causes Of Ulnar Nerve Compression
Ulnar nerve
originates from brachial plexus in the arm. It travels through the arm, passes
further down in the upper arm, palm and fingers. During its travel, it has to
pass through a grove situated in the medial side of elbow.
Ulnar nerve is compressed in this
elbow grove. This nerve is responsible for supplying sensation to inner side of
forearm, palm as well as little finger and half of ring finger. Below are
important reasons for its entrapment:
·
Injury to elbow: An injury to elbow
due to fall which may directly compress the nerve. Fracture of elbow bone, or a
direct hit on the elbow from an object etc can cause nerve injury. It may also
produce inflammation, irritation of the tissues nearby the nerve. Swelling of
tissues inside the groove will occupy more space and compress the ulnar nerve.
·
Excessive stretching of hand such as
while playing sports which needs the hand to be stretched. Athletic sports
events such as javelin throw; short put, discus throw etc is responsible for
it.
·
Over development of forearm muscle
(flaxor carpi ulnaris) can compress the nerve as it passes through it. This
usually occurs in weight lifters.
·
Diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
can also cause ulnar nerve compression.
·
Overuse of forearm in workplace can
lead to inflammation and irritation of the tissues surrounding the grove and
compress the nerve.
Ulnar Nerve Compression Symptoms
Ulnar nerve
entrapment can occur at any age and to anyone. There is no gender bias. Both
men and women are equally affected. The onset may be sudden or gradual.
·
Patient complains of severe pain in
elbow, it is more inwards and medially located. Pain may radiate towards
forearm and in fingers, mostly little and mid half of ring finger.
·
Since the nerve also innervates the
palm, patient may also experience pain in palms.
·
Weakness and numbness in hand and
fingers is felt in more severe cases of ulnar nerve compression.
·
Pain and tingling often becomes worse
at night and in early morning.
·
In severe and chronic cases, patient
may have wasting of forearm muscles.
Home Remedies For Ulnar Nerve
Compression
Diagnosis of ulnar
nerve compression is possible with clinical history and physical examination.
The doctor may simply tap on the elbow and this may produce an electric like
shock in the little finger. Certain tests also help to evaluate the condition.
EMG (elactro myelogram and other nerve conduction studies are important.
In its beginning
state, if you suspect the symptoms are that of ulnar nerve compression, you may
try certain home remedies.
·
Give rest to the affected hand. Avoid
doing activities that may require bending your hand for long duration.
·
Avoid putting pressure on your elbow
in any circumstances.
·
If the pain is severe, patient may
require anti inflammatory NSAID medicines.
·
Warm water application may also help
to relieve the pain temporarily.
·
While sleeping wearing a splint helps
to reduce the pain.
·
Physiotherapy is effective in
reducing symptoms of ulnar nerve compression. The physiotherapist will teach
certain exercises that will help to alleviate the symptoms quickly.
If the symptoms
persist for a long time, with increase in intensity the patient may require
surgical intervention to decompress the nerve.